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Where the history of chromatography begins remains uncertain. Nature itself performs the process: a chemical mixture separates into its individual components as it passes through an environment made of different …

Without silicon, our modern daily life would look entirely different. It is found in every microchip but also in baking moulds, lubricants, cosmetics, and plastics: the element silicon. Silicon – …

The term polyolefins refers to polymers produced from alkenes such as ethene, propene, butene, 2-methylpropene, and 4-methyl-1-pentene. Polyolefins are saturated hydrocarbons characterized by low density, good chemical resistance, low water …

Fully demineralised water, also known as deionised, demi-water, demineralised, distilled, or ultrapure water — all look just like regular tap or spring water but contain very few or no foreign …

Rubber was already known to the Maya, who used it to produce waterproof containers and elastic balls and to bond shoes. It is obtained by tapping the rubber tree, which …

Peristaltic pumps work on the same principle that moves food through the oesophagus. Successive muscle contractions along the oesophagus push food forward into the stomach. In a peristaltic pump, a …

Look up the word „mortar“ and you find more than one meaning. In military terms, it once described an older type of gun. Today it often means a shell-launching mortar[1]. …

Many commercially available plastics are, by nature, hard and brittle at room temperature. Only the addition of special additives, known as plasticizers, enables their processing and use for everyday consumer …

Nature shows us how it is done. Saponins, lecithins and phospholipids are plant compounds found in legumes, chestnuts, nuts and many other species. Despite their chemical differences, these substances share …

Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are organic compounds that are harmful to humans and animals and degrade only very slowly in the environment. They contaminate air, soil and water and can …