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Since the second phase of the Industrial Revolution in the 1870s, a modern world without rubber has been almost inconceivable. The material is encountered wherever something must be sealed to …

Sum parameters play an important role in the analysis of water samples from drinking water, surface water, groundwater, and wastewater, as well as sewage sludge. When determining sum parameters, a …

The term “tolerance” originates from the Latin word “tolerare”, meaning to endure, withstand, or bear. In everyday language, it often describes the acceptance of different beliefs, religions, cultures, worldviews, or …

The share of plastics used in the medical sector accounts for only around 2 percent of the total volume of plastics produced worldwide. Despite this comparatively low proportion of overall …

Without silicon, our modern daily life would look entirely different. It is found in every microchip but also in baking moulds, lubricants, cosmetics, and plastics: the element silicon. Silicon – …

The term polyolefins refers to polymers produced from alkenes such as ethene, propene, butene, 2-methylpropene, and 4-methyl-1-pentene. Polyolefins are saturated hydrocarbons characterized by low density, good chemical resistance, low water …

Fully demineralised water, also known as deionised, demi-water, demineralised, distilled, or ultrapure water — all look just like regular tap or spring water but contain very few or no foreign …

Rubber was already known to the Maya, who used it to produce waterproof containers and elastic balls and to bond shoes. It is obtained by tapping the rubber tree, which …

Many commercially available plastics are, by nature, hard and brittle at room temperature. Only the addition of special additives, known as plasticizers, enables their processing and use for everyday consumer …

Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are organic compounds that are harmful to humans and animals and degrade only very slowly in the environment. They contaminate air, soil and water and can …