{"id":15846,"date":"2023-04-06T10:00:44","date_gmt":"2023-04-06T08:00:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/?p=15846"},"modified":"2026-01-16T16:51:34","modified_gmt":"2026-01-16T15:51:34","slug":"ventilation-hoses-and-their-applications","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/ventilation-hoses-and-their-applications\/","title":{"rendered":"Ventilation Hoses and their Applications"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/ventilation-hoses-and-their-applications\/#Components_of_a_Ventilation_System\" title=\"Components of a Ventilation System\">Components of a Ventilation System<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/ventilation-hoses-and-their-applications\/#Ventilation_Hose_Systems\" title=\"Ventilation Hose Systems\">Ventilation Hose Systems<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/ventilation-hoses-and-their-applications\/#Single-Limb_Systems\" title=\"Single-Limb Systems\">Single-Limb Systems<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/ventilation-hoses-and-their-applications\/#Dual-Limb_Systems\" title=\"Dual-Limb Systems\">Dual-Limb Systems<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/ventilation-hoses-and-their-applications\/#Designs_and_Materials_of_Ventilation_Hoses\" title=\"Designs and Materials of Ventilation Hoses\">Designs and Materials of Ventilation Hoses<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/ventilation-hoses-and-their-applications\/#The_Breathing_Gas\" title=\"The Breathing Gas\">The Breathing Gas<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/ventilation-hoses-and-their-applications\/#How_Breathing_Gas_Is_Conditioned\" title=\"How Breathing Gas Is Conditioned\">How Breathing Gas Is Conditioned<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/ventilation-hoses-and-their-applications\/#Additional_Components_of_a_Ventilation_System\" title=\"Additional Components of a Ventilation System\">Additional Components of a Ventilation System<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/ventilation-hoses-and-their-applications\/#Single-Use_or_Reusable_Hoses\" title=\"Single-Use or Reusable Hoses?\">Single-Use or Reusable Hoses?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>During surgery, after an accident or in the case of a serious illness such as a COVID infection, mechanical ventilation may be required. Surgical procedures are often performed under general anaesthesia, during which breathing is affected and therefore taken over by a ventilator. The ventilator is connected to the patient via a ventilation hose system and either a ventilation mask or an endotracheal tube.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Components_of_a_Ventilation_System\"><\/span>Components of a Ventilation System<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A ventilation system consists of many individual components such as the ventilator, breathing gas, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/tubes-hoses\">hoses<\/a>, sensors for temperature and volume measurement, and various <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/filtration\">filters<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ventilation_Hose_Systems\"><\/span>Ventilation Hose Systems<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Single-Limb_Systems\"><\/span>Single-Limb Systems<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ventilation systems may contain one or two ventilation hoses. In single-limb systems, breathing gas is supplied to the patient via the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/tubes-hoses\/application-fields-for-tubings\/ventilation-hoses\">ventilation hose<\/a>, while the exhaled carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2<\/sub>) is discharged through a longitudinal slit in the hose, known as a Bunsen valve, or via an integrated expiratory valve. In hose systems with a longitudinal slit, air continuously flows through the hose, causing the exhaled CO<sub>2<\/sub> to be constantly flushed out.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/tubes-hoses\/tubing-made-of-elastomers-soft-rubber\/tpe-tubing\/28519\/tpe-s-tubing-for-medical-engineering-and-pharmaceutical-technology\"><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-8633 size-full\" title=\"TPE-S hose for medical and pharmaceutical technology\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/tpe-s-schlauch-fuer-die-medizin.jpg\" alt=\"TPE-S hose for medical and pharmaceutical technology\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/tpe-s-schlauch-fuer-die-medizin.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/tpe-s-schlauch-fuer-die-medizin-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/tubes-hoses\/tubing-made-of-elastomers-soft-rubber\/silicone-tubing\/28691\/silicone-tubing-for-medical-engineering\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-8634 size-full\" title=\"Silicone hose for medical technology\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/silikonschlauch-fuer-die-medizintechnik.jpg\" alt=\"Silicone hose for medical technology\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/silikonschlauch-fuer-die-medizintechnik.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/silikonschlauch-fuer-die-medizintechnik-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\nIn ventilation hoses with an integrated expiratory valve, the valve is closed during inhalation and allows inspiratory air to reach the patient. During exhalation, it opens and the exhaled air is released in a controlled manner. The expiratory valve operates according to the principle of a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/cocks-taps-valves\/check-valves\">check valve<\/a> and is connected to the ventilator via a hose that controls the valve. These systems are often connected to the ventilator via a second, thin hose in which a sensor measures the pressure or volume of the inspiratory gas. Single-limb systems are frequently used for patients who are still able to breathe independently but require respiratory support, such as patients suffering from sleep apnoea.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dual-Limb_Systems\"><\/span>Dual-Limb Systems<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dual-limb systems contain one ventilation hose for inhalation (inspiration) and one for exhalation (expiration). The illustration below shows a schematic representation of such a ventilation system.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-15863 size-full\" title=\"Dual-limb system schematic representation\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/grafik-inspiration-exspiration-english.jpg\" alt=\"Dual-limb system schematic representation\" width=\"620\" height=\"318\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/grafik-inspiration-exspiration-english.jpg 620w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/grafik-inspiration-exspiration-english-300x154.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Both hoses are connected to the ventilator and can be joined via a Y-<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/tube-hose-connectors\">hose connector<\/a>. A coaxial arrangement of the two hoses, where the usually colour-coded inspiratory hose runs inside the transparent expiratory hose, is referred to as a coaxial ventilation hose. On the expiratory side of the ventilator, an expiratory valve is installed. Upstream of the expiratory valve is a sensor that measures the expiratory volume. As with single-limb systems, the inspiratory hose is equipped with a sensor to measure the inspiratory volume. This allows a comparison between inspiratory and expiratory volumes. Dual-limb systems are primarily used in intensive care medicine or for ventilating very young children.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Designs_and_Materials_of_Ventilation_Hoses\"><\/span>Designs and Materials of Ventilation Hoses<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/tubes-hoses\/application-fields-for-tubings\/medical-tubing\">Hoses for medical technology<\/a> must be physiologically safe and comply with relevant medical regulations.<\/p>\n<div class=\"box info  \"><div class=\"box-inner-block\"><i class=\"fa tie-shortcode-boxicon\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\nMedical devices are subject to strict requirements. They must be manufactured in accordance with DIN EN ISO 13485 and carry a CE marking in order to be placed on the European market or put into operation.<br \/>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ventilation hoses are manufactured from materials such as silicone (SI), polyethylene (PE), specific polyvinyl chloride compounds (PVC), polypropylene (PP), or thermoplastic elastomers. They are available as extendable corrugated hoses, also known as bellows hoses, or as smooth hoses made from solid material. In medical technology, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/tubes-hoses\/tubing-made-of-elastomers-soft-rubber\/silicone-tubing\">silicone tubing<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/tubes-hoses\/tubings-and-pipes-made-of-rigid-plastics\/pe-tubing\">polyethylene tubing<\/a> are particularly common.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/tubes-hoses\/tubing-made-of-elastomers-soft-rubber\/silicone-tubing\/28696\/silicone-breathing-tubing\"><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-8635 size-full\" title=\"Silicone ventilation hose\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/silikon-beatmungsschlauch.jpg\" alt=\"Silicone ventilation hose\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/silikon-beatmungsschlauch.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/silikon-beatmungsschlauch-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/tubes-hoses\/tubing-made-of-elastomers-soft-rubber\/silicone-tubing\/28700\/silicone-pharmaceutical-and-pressure-tubing-with-fabric-insert-of-glass-silk\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-8636 size-full\" title=\"Silicone pharmaceutical pressure hose with glass fibre reinforcement\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/silikon-pharma-druckschlauch-mit-glasseide-gewebeeinlage1.jpg\" alt=\"Silicone pharmaceutical pressure hose with glass fibre reinforcement\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/silikon-pharma-druckschlauch-mit-glasseide-gewebeeinlage1.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/silikon-pharma-druckschlauch-mit-glasseide-gewebeeinlage1-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\nThe inner surface of ventilation hoses is smooth to ensure the drainage of condensed moisture. A reinforcing spiral may be integrated on the outer surface to prevent kinking. To avoid condensation caused by humidified breathing gas and the associated risk of microbial growth, heated ventilation hoses are also used. Heating is provided by integrated heating wire coils. In non-heated hose systems, a condensate trap, known as a water trap, is attached to the ventilation hose to collect condensed moisture.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Breathing_Gas\"><\/span>The Breathing Gas<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In healthy individuals, the mouth and nose are responsible not only for transporting breathing gas but also for cleaning, warming and humidifying it. When a patient is mechanically ventilated, the breathing gas must therefore be conditioned accordingly. This means it must be cleaned, warmed and humidified to prevent drying of the mucous membranes and reduce the risk of infection.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The term \u201coxygen\u201d commonly used in medical practice actually refers to \u201csynthetic air\u201d, which is produced by mixing pure nitrogen and pure oxygen and is free from trace gases. Breathing gas is considered a finished medicinal product for which quality and safety must be proven. It must be filled into cleaned gas cylinders in dedicated facilities, and the entire manufacturing process must be fully traceable.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Breathing_Gas_Is_Conditioned\"><\/span>How Breathing Gas Is Conditioned<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Both passive and active humidifiers are available for humidifying breathing gas. Passive humidifiers are also known as HME filters, short for \u201cheat and moisture exchanger\u201d. These filters consist of a plastic housing containing a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/filtration\/membrane-filter-filter-membrane-round-filters-and-membranes\">plastic filter<\/a> that adsorbs moisture. During exhalation, the filter stores moisture and heat from the expiratory air and releases them again during inhalation. The inspiratory air can only contain as much moisture as was released during exhalation. When exhaling through the nose, expiratory air has a temperature of approximately +32 \u00b0C and a moisture content of 34 mg\/l<sup>[1]<\/sup>. HME filters are frequently used in patients with a tracheostomy and are positioned between the ventilation hose and the tracheal cannula \u2013 a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/tubes-hoses\/tubings-and-pipes-made-of-rigid-plastics\">plastic tube<\/a> inserted into the tracheostomy.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8631\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8631\" style=\"width: 450px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-8631 size-full\" title=\"Dual-limb ventilation system with Y-connector\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/beatmungsschlauch-trachealkanuele1.jpg\" alt=\"Dual-limb ventilation system with Y-connector\" width=\"450\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/beatmungsschlauch-trachealkanuele1.jpg 450w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/beatmungsschlauch-trachealkanuele1-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8631\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><br \/><center>Dual-limb ventilation system with Y-connector<\/center><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Active humidifiers consist of a heated water chamber. The chamber is filled approximately halfway with water, which is then heated in a controlled manner to a temperature between +37 \u00b0C and +39 \u00b0C. At this temperature, the air in the chamber contains 44 mg\/l of water vapour<sup>[1]<\/sup>. The inspiratory gas is introduced into the water chamber, where it is warmed and humidified. The heated and humidified gas is then delivered to the patient. A temperature sensor integrated into the ventilation hose via a connector measures the temperature of the breathing gas. To prevent moisture contained in the breathing gas from condensing in the ventilation hose, heated hoses are used for inspiration. With active humidification, temperature and moisture levels can be kept constant, whereas in passive humidification they depend on the expiratory air.<\/p>\n<div class=\"box note  \"><div class=\"box-inner-block\"><i class=\"fa tie-shortcode-boxicon\"><\/i>\n\t\t\t\nPassive humidifiers are recommended for adults who are not at risk of mucosal drying or the formation of thick secretions. Active humidification is used in cases of bleeding or heavy secretion, as well as for ventilating newborns and premature infants whose respiratory systems are not yet fully developed.<br \/>\n\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Additional_Components_of_a_Ventilation_System\"><\/span>Additional Components of a Ventilation System<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">To prevent contamination of the patient by the ventilator and contamination of the ventilator by the patient \u2013 so-called cross-contamination \u2013 bacterial and viral filters are positioned between the tube or mask and the hose system, as well as between the ventilator and the hose system.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In certain indications, the administration of medication is required. A nebuliser is used to introduce liquid medications in aerosol form into the ventilation circuit via an additional connector. In anaesthesia, additional ports are required for the administration and monitoring of nitrous oxide.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Single-Use_or_Reusable_Hoses\"><\/span>Single-Use or Reusable Hoses?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ventilation hoses are available as single-use or reusable products. In 2001, the Austrian Institute of Ecology published a catalogue of criteria for ventilation hoses<sup>[2]<\/sup>. According to this catalogue, silicone hoses can be sterilised up to 250 times, while Hytrel\u00ae hoses (thermoplastic elastomers based on polyester) can be sterilised up to 20 times. This means that between 20 and 250 single-use hoses would need to be manufactured, transported and disposed of in order to replace one reusable hose.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/tubes-hoses\/tubings-and-pipes-made-of-rigid-plastics\/pe-tubing\/28712\/hytrel\/pvc-pharmaceutical-composite-and-particle-tubing\"><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-8638 size-full\" title=\"HYTREL\u00ae\/PVC pharmaceutical composite and particle hose\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/pvc-pharma-verbund-und-partikelschlauch1.jpg\" alt=\"HYTREL\u00ae\/PVC pharmaceutical composite and particle hose\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/pvc-pharma-verbund-und-partikelschlauch1.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/pvc-pharma-verbund-und-partikelschlauch1-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/tubes-hoses\/tubings-and-pipes-made-of-rigid-plastics\/pe-tubing\/28745\/ldpe\/eva-pharmaceutical-composite-tubing\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-8639 size-full\" title=\"LDPE\/EVA pharmaceutical composite hose\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/eva-pharma-verbundschlauch.jpg\" alt=\"LDPE\/EVA pharmaceutical composite hose\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/eva-pharma-verbundschlauch.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/eva-pharma-verbundschlauch-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The reprocessing of ventilation hoses includes cleaning in a hose washing machine followed by steam sterilisation at +121 \u00b0C or +134 \u00b0C. The ventilation hoses are then packaged in a sterile manner and delivered to the wards. Single-use products are marketed as preventing cross-contamination; however, with proper reprocessing, cleaning and sterilisation of ventilation hoses, this should also be ensured.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The development of ventilators and the introduction of intensive care units have made modern intensive care medicine possible. As mechanical ventilation is always associated with risks, it should be used for the shortest possible duration.<\/p>\n<pre><strong>Sources:\r\n<\/strong>[1]: https:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ebooks\/lookinside\/10.1055\/b-0037-145723#\r\n[2]: https:\/\/ecology.at\/files\/pr223_1.pdf\r\n<\/pre>\n<pre><strong>Image sources:<\/strong>\r\nFeature image | \u00a9 herbert frost \u2013 stock.adobe.com\r\nDual-limb ventilation system with Y-connector | \u00a9 CMP \u2013 stock.adobe.com\r\n<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>During surgery, after an accident or in the case of a serious illness such as a COVID infection, mechanical ventilation may be required. Surgical procedures are often performed under general anaesthesia, during which breathing is affected and therefore taken over by a ventilator. The ventilator is connected to the patient via a ventilation hose system &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":13024,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,2744],"tags":[3794,3799,3807,3798,3797,3800,3804,3801,3808,3802,3803,3806,3796,3795,3805,3778],"class_list":["post-15846","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-all-articles","category-chemical-technology-in-action","tag-conditioning-of-breathing-gas","tag-corrugated-hoses","tag-dual-limb-ventilation-systems","tag-exhaled-air","tag-expiration","tag-hme-filters","tag-hoses-for-medical-technology","tag-inhaled-air","tag-inspiration-en","tag-materials-of-ventilation-hoses","tag-polyethylene-hoses","tag-silicone-hoses","tag-single-limb-ventilation-systems","tag-use-of-ventilation-hoses","tag-ventilation-hose-systems","tag-ventilation-hoses"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ventilation Hoses and their Applications - Reichelt Chemietechnik Magazine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"How does mechanical ventilation work? 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