{"id":15467,"date":"2020-04-16T16:35:30","date_gmt":"2020-04-16T14:35:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/?p=15467"},"modified":"2025-12-15T17:28:28","modified_gmt":"2025-12-15T16:28:28","slug":"acids-and-bases-in-everyday-life","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/acids-and-bases-in-everyday-life\/","title":{"rendered":"Acids and Bases in Everyday Life"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/acids-and-bases-in-everyday-life\/#How_Hydroxide_and_Hydronium_Ions_Ensure_Cleanliness_in_the_Bathroom\" title=\"How Hydroxide and Hydronium Ions Ensure Cleanliness in the Bathroom\">How Hydroxide and Hydronium Ions Ensure Cleanliness in the Bathroom<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/acids-and-bases-in-everyday-life\/#Different_Types_of_Contamination_%E2%80%93_Hair_vs_Limescale\" title=\"Different Types of Contamination \u2013 Hair vs. Limescale\">Different Types of Contamination \u2013 Hair vs. Limescale<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/acids-and-bases-in-everyday-life\/#Acidic_Cleaner_Against_Limescale\" title=\"Acidic Cleaner Against Limescale\">Acidic Cleaner Against Limescale<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/acids-and-bases-in-everyday-life\/#Alkaline_Cleaner_Against_Hair_and_Other_Organic_Contamination\" title=\"Alkaline Cleaner Against Hair and Other Organic Contamination\">Alkaline Cleaner Against Hair and Other Organic Contamination<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/acids-and-bases-in-everyday-life\/#Do_Not_Mix_Acidic_Cleaners_with_Alkaline_Cleaners_%E2%80%93_But_Why\" title=\"Do Not Mix Acidic Cleaners with Alkaline Cleaners! \u2013 But Why?\">Do Not Mix Acidic Cleaners with Alkaline Cleaners! \u2013 But Why?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/acids-and-bases-in-everyday-life\/#Who_Knows_the_Number\" title=\"Who Knows the Number?\">Who Knows the Number?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/acids-and-bases-in-everyday-life\/#Nevertheless\" title=\"Nevertheless\">Nevertheless<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Hydroxide_and_Hydronium_Ions_Ensure_Cleanliness_in_the_Bathroom\"><\/span>How Hydroxide and Hydronium Ions Ensure Cleanliness in the Bathroom<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Hygiene plays a more important role than ever in the current situation. Regular hand washing<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> social distancing<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">respiratory hygiene<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> and <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">avoiding contact with the eyes, nose<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">mouth<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> are the most important<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, WHO-recommended<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> measures to prevent the spread of the <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">novel <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">coronavirus<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> which now officially bears the name SARS-CoV-2<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">. <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Just as important<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> in everyday life<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> is ensuring cleanliness and hygiene within your own four walls. <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">But who can keep track of the many <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">household<\/span><\/b><b> <\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">cleaning products<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> out there? <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">They are usually liquid, smell fresh, and seem harmless, yet on many labels\/instructions it says: <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">&#8220;<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Do not mix with other cleaners<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">&#8220;<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">. <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">But what exactly does that mean? And why <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">must they<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> not be mixed? <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Which cleaner is suitable for what? And why? The following article provides an overview of acids and bases in everyday life and also practical recommendations<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> for the<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> safe<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> handling of these products<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4811\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4811\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/laboratory-equipment\/protection-and-packaging\/accessories\/31272\/hygiene-tueroeffner\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4811 size-full\" title=\"Hygiene door opener | allows doors to be opened and closed with the forearm\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/hygiene-tueroeffner.jpg\" alt=\"hygiene-door-opener\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/hygiene-tueroeffner.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/hygiene-tueroeffner-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/hygiene-tueroeffner-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4811\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><center>The new <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/laboratory-equipment\/protection-and-packaging\/accessories\/31272\/hygiene-tueroeffner\">hygiene door opener<\/a>: reduces the spread of viruses, bacteria, and microorganisms and thus lowers the risk of infection for users.<\/center><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Different_Types_of_Contamination_%E2%80%93_Hair_vs_Limescale\"><\/span>Different Types of Contamination \u2013 Hair vs. Limescale<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">If you take a conscious look around your bathroom and try to identify which types of contamination are present, what is it that<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">catches your eye first? In<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">most cases, this will be<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">limescale deposits<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">on tiles, on<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> the shower<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> wall<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> or on<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">chrome-plated taps<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">but<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> sometimes<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">it is also<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> the<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">drains<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> contaminated<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> with hair<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> and black<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> sludge<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> from an undefined<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> biofilm<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2013 or even<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> blocked<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">drains. But how do you get rid of<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> stubborn<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> limescale residues without tedious scrubbing? How<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> do you clear<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> the drain again without having to<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> dismantle<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> entire sink?<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Acidic_Cleaner_Against_Limescale\"><\/span>Acidic Cleaner Against Limescale<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The first thing that matters is recognising<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> difference between various types of contamination<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> so that you can decide<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> which product should be used. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">The<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> limescale<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> deposits<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> found<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> in everyday household settings<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> mainly consist<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> of<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> calcium carbonate<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> (CaCO<sub>3<\/sub><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">)<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">In formal chemical terms, they are identical to naturally occurring lime minerals such as marble or calcite and form grey, unsightly films or crusts on tiles and<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">fittings. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">All carbonates have one thing in common: their reaction with<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> acids<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">In aqueous solution, acids<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">release one or more<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> protons (<\/span>H<sup>+<\/sup><span data-contrast=\"none\">)<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, which<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> react in aqueous solution directly with the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> water molecule to form the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> hydronium ion<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> (H<sub>3<\/sub>O<sup>+<\/sup><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">), which is responsible for the acidic<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> property:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">H<sup>+<\/sup> <em><sub>(aq)<\/sub><\/em><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> + H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> <em><sub>(l)<\/sub><\/em><\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2192<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> H<sub>3<\/sub>O<sup>+<\/sup><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> <em><sub>(aq)<\/sub><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The indices written after the formulas<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> indicate<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> the states of the substances involved:<\/span><i> l<\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\"> for liquid,<\/span><i> aq<\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\"> for<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> aqueous<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> (i.e., surrounded by water molecules),<\/span><i> g<\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\"> for gaseous<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> and<\/span><b><i><span data-contrast=\"none\"> s<\/span><\/i><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> for solid.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> For the sake of simplicity, reaction equations<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> are often written in a shortened form, showing<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> only the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> &#8220;free proton&#8221;, i.e., H<sup>+<\/sup><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">. Its<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> concentration is, by the way, the key indicator for the <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">pH value<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> A pH value below 7 indicates an acidic solution, a pH value above 7 an alkaline\/basic solution, and a pH value of exactly 7 a neutral solution<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4805\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4805\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4805 size-full\" title=\"pH test strips with red discolouration\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/pH-Wert-Teststreifen-mit-roter-Verfaerbung.jpg\" alt=\"pH test strips with red discolouration\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/pH-Wert-Teststreifen-mit-roter-Verfaerbung.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/pH-Wert-Teststreifen-mit-roter-Verfaerbung-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4805\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><center>\u00a9 Bj\u00f6rn Wylezich \u2013 stock.adobe.com<\/center><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">When an acidic cleaner is used against limescale<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> deposits<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> calcium carbonate<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> dissolves<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> under the release of<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> carbon dioxide<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> (CO<sub>2<\/sub><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">)<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> which can be perceived as slight foaming, and what remains<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> is<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> limescale dissolved in water<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> in the form of<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> calcium<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> ions<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> (Ca<sup>2+<\/sup><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">), which can then be rinsed away<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">. In the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> shortened<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> reaction equation, this means:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">2 H<sup>+<\/sup><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> <em><sub>(aq)<\/sub><\/em><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> + CaCO<sub>3<\/sub><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> <sub><em>(s)<\/em><\/sub><\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2192<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> H<sub>2<\/sub>O <em><sub>(l)<\/sub><\/em><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> + CO<sub>2<\/sub><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> <sub><em>(g)<\/em><\/sub><\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">+ Ca<sup>2+<\/sup><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> <em><sub>(aq)<\/sub><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">For successful removal of<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> limescale<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> deposits<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> in the bathroom,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> using acidic products<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> is therefore recommended<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> \u2013 but because of the carbon dioxide produced <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">(CO<sub>2<\/sub><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">) and possible acidic fumes, it is important<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> to ensure good ventilation<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">The acids most frequently used in cleaners, besides<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> amidosulfonic acid<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> strong<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> inorganic acid<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> related to<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> sulfuric acid<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, are<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> mainly<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> citric acid and acetic acid.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">These as well as<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> other organic<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> acids<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, such as tartaric<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, lactic<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> or<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> malic acid<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, can even<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> be used directly<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> to remove<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> limescale<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> deposits<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">. Their advantage is that they<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> are biodegradable<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">. But as effective as<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> acidic cleaning agents are at removing limescale, their<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> corrosive properties<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> should not be underestimated and require<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> careful handling<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4807\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4807\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4807 size-full\" title=\"Acidic cleaning agents should not be underestimated due to their corrosive properties\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/putzmittel-hausputz.jpg\" alt=\"cleaning-agents-household-cleaning-acids-and-bases-in-everyday-life\" width=\"600\" height=\"371\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/putzmittel-hausputz.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/putzmittel-hausputz-300x186.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4807\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><center>\u00a9 Budimir Jevtic \u2013 stock.adobe.com<\/center><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Alkaline_Cleaner_Against_Hair_and_Other_Organic_Contamination\"><\/span>Alkaline Cleaner Against Hair and Other Organic Contamination<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">But what if it is not limescale<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> on the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> tiled<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> wall that needs to be removed, but rather a drain pipe clogged with hair<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> soap residues<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> and other contamination that needs to be cleared again? One note in advance: an acidic solution will<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> not<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> work for this. Because unlike limescale<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> hair and similar substances are organic contamination. Acidic solutions<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> are<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> hardly effective<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> against them. So what helps then? A basic solution!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/tubes-hoses\/tubing-made-of-elastomers-soft-rubber\/pvc-tubing-tygon-tubing\/28629\/tygon-acid-and-alkali-tubing\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4825 size-full\" title=\"TYGON\u00ae-Acid and Alkali Tubing | special tubing | very good resistance to strong acids\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/tygon-saeure-und-laugen-schlauch.jpg\" alt=\"TYGON\u00ae-Acid and Alkali Tubing | special tubing | very good resistance to strong acids\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/tygon-saeure-und-laugen-schlauch.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/tygon-saeure-und-laugen-schlauch-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/tubes-hoses\/tubings-and-pipes-made-of-rigid-plastics\/fep-tubing\/28715\/fep-chemical-tubing\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4826 size-full\" title=\"FEP Chemical Tubing | resistant to aging even under unfavourable environmental conditions such as moisture, vapours of solvents and acids\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/fep-chemieschlauch.jpg\" alt=\"FEP Chemical Tubing \" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/fep-chemieschlauch.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/fep-chemieschlauch-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/center><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Bases<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> have<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> a pH value<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> greater than<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> 7. The terms base, lye, or alkaline solution are often used interchangeably. The latter stems from the fact that alkali metals<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> such as sodium and potassium<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> react with water to form their corresponding alkaline lyes or alkali hydroxides while producing<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> hydroxide ions (OH<strong><sup>&#8211;<\/sup><\/strong><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">)<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> and gaseous hydrogen (H<sub>2<\/sub><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">). By the way, this is<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> property shared by all<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> bases<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">NaOH<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> <sub><em>(s)<\/em><\/sub><\/span> <span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u2192<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Na<sup>+<\/sup><\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> <em><sub>(aq)<\/sub><\/em><\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> + OH<strong><sup>\u2013<\/sup><\/strong><\/span> <em><sub>(aq)<\/sub><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">But how does this negatively charged<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> OH ion, the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> anion<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> OH<strong><sup>\u2013<\/sup><\/strong><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, help to clear a drain pipe? Various effects are responsible for this<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">Due to its negative<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">charge, the hydroxide ion can<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> adhere<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> to dirt particles and thus make transport by water significantly easier. The other effect is far more complex. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Organic contamination<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> such as hair, oils and fats<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> is broken down by the addition<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> of<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> the mostly<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> chemically<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> very aggressive alkaline solution<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> through<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> saponification<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> and other reactions<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> into<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> water-soluble<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> components.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">This can be<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> illustrated impressively<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> with a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> small experiment at home<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">: Add a little drain cleaner, which in most cases contains sodium hydroxide (NaOH<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">), and some water to a beaker<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, which will initially warm up<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Then<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> add<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> a small tuft of hair (simply collect some from a hairbrush) to the basic<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> solution and wait a few days.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> The hair<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> dissolves<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> into a sticky,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> soapy substance<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> that can be rinsed away with water<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">However:<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> This experiment<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> must<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> only be carried out<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> with safety goggles and protective gloves<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> in a safe environment<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> to prevent the corrosive<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> solution<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> from getting<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> into<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> the eyes<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> or<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> onto the skin<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">!<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4809\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4809\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4809 size-full\" title=\"Protective gloves are essential during cleaning\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/schutzhandschuhe-reinigung.jpg\" alt=\"protective-gloves-cleaning-acids-and-bases-in-everyday-life\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/schutzhandschuhe-reinigung.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/schutzhandschuhe-reinigung-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4809\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><center>\u00a9 Sergey \u2013 stock.adobe.com<\/center><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Do_Not_Mix_Acidic_Cleaners_with_Alkaline_Cleaners_%E2%80%93_But_Why\"><\/span>Do Not Mix Acidic Cleaners with Alkaline Cleaners! \u2013 But Why?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Just like<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> acidic cleaners<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, alkaline<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> cleaners<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> are also<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> mixtures<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> of<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> very different<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> chemical substances that are intended<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> not only<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> to clean<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, but also<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> to achieve a hygienic effect<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">. But why is<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> the simultaneous use of acidic and basic solutions<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> not sensible, and why is mixing them<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> so dangerous?<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> The answer is simple: When<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> acidic<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> and basic solutions are mixed, a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> neutralisation reaction<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> occurs, in<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> which<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> hydronium<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> ions of the acidic cleaner<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> react with<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> hydroxide ions<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> of the alkaline cleaner<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> to form water, releasing neutralisation heat<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">H<sub>3<\/sub>O<sup>+<\/sup> <em><sub>(aq)<\/sub><\/em><\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">+ OH<strong><sup>\u2013<\/sup><\/strong><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> <em><sub>(aq)<\/sub><\/em><\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2192<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> 2 H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> <em><sub>(l)<\/sub><\/em><\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">+ <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">neutralisation heat<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">This<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> neutralisation heat<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> can<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> reach<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> temperatures up to<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> +<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">100<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> \u00b0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">C and thus<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> bring<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> aqueous<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> solutions<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> to the boil<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> in a very short time<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">. The danger essentially lies in the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> expansion<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> of the water volume<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> \u2013 one litre of water<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> produces<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> around 1,600 (!) litres of steam when strongly heated.<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">So mixing acidic and alkaline cleaners can lead to dangerous scalding and,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> due to the chemicals involved<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, to no less serious chemical burns.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/tubes-hoses\/tubing-made-of-elastomers-soft-rubber\/fpm-tubing\/28529\/fpm-chemical-tubing-high-flexible-62\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4830 size-full\" title=\"FPM Chemical Tubing - High-Flexible 62 | Material: FPM (fluorinated rubber) | Shore hardness A: 62\u00b0 \u00b15\u00b0\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/fpm-chemieschlauch-high-flexible-62.jpg\" alt=\"FPM Chemical Tubing - High-Flexible 62\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/fpm-chemieschlauch-high-flexible-62.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/fpm-chemieschlauch-high-flexible-62-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/tubes-hoses\/tubings-and-pipes-made-of-rigid-plastics\/ptfe-tubing\/28770\/ptfe-chemical-tubing-standard\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4831 size-full\" title=\"PTFE Chemical Tubing - standard | For transport of acids, alkalis, salt solutions and more\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/ptfe-chemieschlauch-standard.jpg\" alt=\"PTFE Chemical Tubing - standard | For transport of acids, alkalis, salt solutions and more\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/ptfe-chemieschlauch-standard.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/ptfe-chemieschlauch-standard-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/center><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">In addition,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> released<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> gases<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> can<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> also<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> become a hazard.<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">Because sodium hypochlorite (<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">NaOCl<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">), often added to alkaline cleaners for disinfection purposes, the sodium salt of<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> hypochlorous<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> acid (the older term is &#8220;underchlorous acid&#8221;),<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> reacts in acidic solutions to form chlorine gas (Cl<sub>2<\/sub><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">)<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, which, if inhaled, can cause life-threatening<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> damage<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> to the respiratory tract and lungs<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Who_Knows_the_Number\"><\/span>Who Knows the Number?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">There is a seemingly unmanageable number of cleaning products for household and bathroom use available on the market today. Keeping an overview is difficult, but still necessary in order to always use the right cleaner in the right place. Because any improper use, any mix-up, can become dangerous \u2013 after all, all these products contain aggressive chemicals in substantial concentrations, even if they smell pleasant, are attractively coloured and filled into clever little, unbreakable plastic bottles.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Safe storage of cleaning agents, especially protected from access by children, should therefore be a top priority.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Paying attention to the safety and usage instructions on the containers and, not least, having at least a basic level of chemical knowledge \u2013 including reading and understanding the ingredient list of cleaning products \u2013 also helps to prevent chemical accidents in the home<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nevertheless\"><\/span>Nevertheless<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The end does not justify the means. For the sake of the environment, chemical cleaners should always be considered only as a last resort for household cleaning. Because the small household steam cleaner is often enough to restore the tiled wall in the bathroom and the chrome-plated tap to their former shine without effort \u2013 or to get a drain flowing again. You just have to try it.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How Hydroxide and Hydronium Ions Ensure Cleanliness in the Bathroom Hygiene plays a more important role than ever in the current situation. Regular hand washing, social distancing, respiratory hygiene and avoiding contact with the eyes, nose, mouth are the most important, WHO-recommended measures to prevent the spread of the novel coronavirus, which now officially bears &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":12170,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3028,2744],"tags":[3033,3034,2775,2779],"class_list":["post-15467","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-all-articles","category-alle-beitraege-en","category-chemical-technology-in-action","tag-fep-en","tag-fpm-en","tag-ptfe-en","tag-tygon-en"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Acids and Bases in Everyday Life - Reichelt Chemietechnik Magazine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Acidic &amp; Alkaline Household Cleaners in Use \u2192 \u2705 Which Cleaner for Which Type of Contamination? 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