{"id":14222,"date":"2017-11-22T09:03:11","date_gmt":"2017-11-22T08:03:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/?p=14222"},"modified":"2025-07-11T16:12:46","modified_gmt":"2025-07-11T14:12:46","slug":"sintering","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/sintering\/","title":{"rendered":"Sintering \u2013 How It Works and Where It Is Used"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/sintering\/#The_Principle_of_Sintering\" title=\"The Principle of Sintering\">The Principle of Sintering<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/sintering\/#Phase_1_Shaping\" title=\"Phase 1: Shaping\">Phase 1: Shaping<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/sintering\/#The_Pressing_Process\" title=\"The Pressing Process\">The Pressing Process<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/sintering\/#Casting_Processes\" title=\"Casting Processes\">Casting Processes<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/sintering\/#Phase_2_Densification\" title=\"Phase 2: Densification\">Phase 2: Densification<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/sintering\/#Particle_Rearrangement\" title=\"Particle Rearrangement\">Particle Rearrangement<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/sintering\/#Material_Densification\" title=\"Material Densification\">Material Densification<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/sintering\/#Reduced_Porosity\" title=\"Reduced Porosity\">Reduced Porosity<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/sintering\/#Subsequent_Steps_%E2%80%93_What_Follows_the_Actual_Sintering_Process\" title=\"Subsequent Steps \u2013 What Follows the Actual Sintering Process?\">Subsequent Steps \u2013 What Follows the Actual Sintering Process?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/sintering\/#Applications_of_Sintering\" title=\"Applications of Sintering\">Applications of Sintering<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/sintering\/#Laser_Sintering_%E2%80%93_A_Process_for_Plastics\" title=\"Laser Sintering \u2013 A Process for Plastics\">Laser Sintering \u2013 A Process for Plastics<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Sintering is a manufacturing process that has been known and widely used for a very long time. The production of ceramics \u2013 such as firing kaolin or shaping clay into pottery \u2013 are sintering processes discovered empirically and continuously refined since their origin. Today, this process is applied not only to ceramics, especially technical ceramics, but also to the production of sintered materials made from metals and plastics. Sintering enables the production of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/semi-finished-products\">semi-finished products<\/a> and specialised components, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/filtration\/sintered-filter-plates-rods-and-pipes\">sintered plates, discs and tubes<\/a> for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/filtration\">filtering<\/a> aggressive gases and liquids. These are used not only in chemical laboratories but also in the chemical, biotechnological and pharmaceutical industries. In addition, shaped components made of sintered materials \u2013 especially sintered metals \u2013 are widely used in mechanical and automotive engineering.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Principle_of_Sintering\"><\/span>The Principle of Sintering<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The sintering process can be roughly described as &#8220;fusing together&#8221; powdered or granulated raw materials at elevated temperatures. Upon closer examination, however, the process is more complex and takes place in several phases.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>By selecting the raw material, its grain size, and defining the process parameters, the pore size can be precisely controlled.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phase_1_Shaping\"><\/span>Phase 1: Shaping<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">First, the powdered or granulated raw materials are shaped or pressed into so-called &#8220;green bodies&#8221;, which already take on the form of the desired sintered products. It is important to achieve a homogeneous packing density at this stage and ensure that the powder particles adhere firmly to one another. If this is not the case, an organic binder must be added. In principle, three basic methods are available for producing a green body: dry or wet pressing of the raw materials under high pressure, slip casting using water-based slurries, and what is known as plastic forming.<\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/drive-elements\/bushes\/30986\/plain-bearing-bush-made-of-sintered-bronze-version-j-without-flange\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-746 size-full\" title=\"Plain Bearing Bush made of Sintered Bronze | Version J without flange\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Gleitlagerbuchse-aus-Sinterbronze-Form-J-ohne-Bund.jpg\" alt=\"Plain Bearing Bush made of Sintered Bronze | Version J without flange\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Gleitlagerbuchse-aus-Sinterbronze-Form-J-ohne-Bund.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Gleitlagerbuchse-aus-Sinterbronze-Form-J-ohne-Bund-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/drive-elements\/bushes\/30987\/plain-bearing-bush-made-of-sintered-bronze-version-v-with-flange\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-747 size-full\" title=\"Plain Bearing Bush made of Sintered Bronze | Version V with flange\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Gleitlagerbuchse-aus-Sinterbronze-Form-V-mit-Bund.jpg\" alt=\"Plain Bearing Bush made of Sintered Bronze | Version V with flange\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Gleitlagerbuchse-aus-Sinterbronze-Form-V-mit-Bund.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Gleitlagerbuchse-aus-Sinterbronze-Form-V-mit-Bund-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/center><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Pressing_Process\"><\/span>The Pressing Process<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pressing the raw materials at pressures of one tonne per square centimetre and above can be done either dry or wet. In dry pressing, the moisture content of the material is below 7%. In wet pressing, it exceeds 12%, requiring the green body to be thoroughly dried before sintering<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The appropriate pressing method depends, among other factors, on the geometry of the semi-finished part.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Wet pressing is recommended for more complex shapes, while dry pressing is generally sufficient for simpler parts. In uniaxial pressing, a punch compresses the powdered material to about one third of its original volume. Because the pressure is applied from only one side, the resulting density is not uniform throughout.<\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/filtration\/sintered-filter-plates-rods-and-pipes\/30711\/sintered-plate-made-of-porous-hdpe\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-739 size-full\" title=\"Sintered Plate made of Porous HDPE\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterplatte-aus-poroesem-HDPE.jpg\" alt=\"Sintered Plate made of Porous HDPE\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterplatte-aus-poroesem-HDPE.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterplatte-aus-poroesem-HDPE-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/filtration\/sintered-filter-plates-rods-and-pipes\/30720\/sintered-plate-made-of-porous-ptfe\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-740 size-full\" title=\"Sintered Plate made of Porous PTFE\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterplatte-aus-poroesem-PTFE.jpg\" alt=\"Sintered Plate made of Porous PTFE\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterplatte-aus-poroesem-PTFE.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterplatte-aus-poroesem-PTFE-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/center><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Uniaxial pressing is therefore mainly used for the production of flat, plate-shaped sintered parts made from polyethylene (HDPE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), bronze or Cr-Ni steel. For more uniform density, double-sided pressing (also known as co-axial pressing) is used, applying pressure from both the top and bottom punches. This method can be used, for example, to produce axially oriented magnets.<\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/filtration\/sintered-filter-plates-rods-and-pipes\/30726\/non-woven-fabric-filter-made-of-sinter-metal-fibres\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-743 size-full\" title=\"Non-Woven Fabric Filter made of Sinter Metal Fibres\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Filtervlies-aus-Sintermetallfasern.jpg\" alt=\"Non-Woven Fabric Filter made of Sinter Metal Fibres\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Filtervlies-aus-Sintermetallfasern.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Filtervlies-aus-Sintermetallfasern-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/filtration\/sintered-filter-plates-rods-and-pipes\/30725\/sinter-plate-on-cr-ni-steel-base-highly-porous\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-744 size-full\" title=\"Sinter Plate on Cr-Ni-Steel Base (highly porous)\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterplatte-auf-Cr-Ni-Stahl-Basis-hochporoes.jpg\" alt=\"Sinter Plate on Cr-Ni-Steel Base (highly porous)\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterplatte-auf-Cr-Ni-Stahl-Basis-hochporoes.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterplatte-auf-Cr-Ni-Stahl-Basis-hochporoes-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/center><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">During pressing, magnetic powders are already aligned by a magnetic field. This anisotropic orientation remains during the subsequent sintering. If pressure is applied evenly from all directions, the process is called &#8220;isostatic pressing&#8221;.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Materials produced this way show high, uniform density and isotropic properties \u2013 meaning they behave the same in all directions.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Casting_Processes\"><\/span>Casting Processes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Besides pressing, several casting techniques are also used to create green bodies, especially when complex geometries are required. The production of ceramics, earthenware or porcelain are examples of slip casting, where a slurry of the raw material in water is poured into plaster moulds. The mould absorbs the water, leaving a solid green body that can be further processed. Another method is cold casting, where a binder such as epoxy resin is added to the mass.<\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/filtration\/sintered-filter-plates-rods-and-pipes\/30722\/sintered-pipe-made-of-porous-ptfe\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-758 size-full\" title=\"Sintered Pipe made of Porous PTFE\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterrohr-aus-poroesem-PTFE.jpg\" alt=\"Sintered Pipe made of Porous PTFE\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterrohr-aus-poroesem-PTFE.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterrohr-aus-poroesem-PTFE-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/filtration\/sintered-filter-plates-rods-and-pipes\/30714\/sintered-disk-made-of-porous-hdpe\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-759 size-full\" title=\"Sintered Disk made of Porous HDPE\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterscheibe-aus-poroesem-HDPE.jpg\" alt=\"Sintered Disk made of Porous HDPE\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterscheibe-aus-poroesem-HDPE.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterscheibe-aus-poroesem-HDPE-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/center><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The ceramic injection moulding process is an example of plastic forming. A thermoplastic polymer is added to the ceramic powder as a binder and injection-moulded into the desired shape. The green body is then sintered, during which the plastic burns away. A similar process, metal injection moulding, uses fine metal powders (e.g., chrome, nickel or iron powders or alloys like brass and stainless steel) instead of ceramic powders.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">This method enables the efficient, precise production of complex parts.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phase_2_Densification\"><\/span>Phase 2: Densification<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">After shaping, whether by pressing, casting or plastic forming, sintering takes place. Green bodies must be pre-dried, especially those made by wet pressing. Then the actual sintering process begins. Different materials require different sintering temperatures, usually just below their melting point. For technical ceramics, temperatures can reach up to 1600\u202f\u00b0C, while metals and metal alloys generally sinter at lower temperatures. Sintering typically occurs in three phases under a protective gas atmosphere or vacuum.<\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/filtration\/filter-housings-filterelements-and-filtermodules\/30826\/rct-accessories-flat-seals-for-sintered-candle-elements\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-750 size-full\" title=\"Flat Seals for Sintered Candle Elements\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Flachdichtung-fuer-Sinterkerzen-Elemente.jpg\" alt=\"Flat Seals for Sintered Candle Elements\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Flachdichtung-fuer-Sinterkerzen-Elemente.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Flachdichtung-fuer-Sinterkerzen-Elemente-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/filtration\/filter-housings-filterelements-and-filtermodules\/30825\/sintered-candle-made-of-hdpe\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-751 size-full\" title=\"Sintered Candle made of HDPE\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterkerze-aus-HDPE.jpg\" alt=\"Sintered Candle made of HDPE\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterkerze-aus-HDPE.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterkerze-aus-HDPE-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/center><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Particle_Rearrangement\"><\/span>Particle Rearrangement<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">At the beginning of sintering, diffusion and rearrangement lead to the formation of initial contact points between the particles. So-called &#8220;necks&#8221; form as the particles of the starting material bond together, thereby reducing their total surface area. This process is energetically favourable and thus occurs spontaneously. As a result, the density of the material gradually increases.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>As a rule of thumb, an increase of 10% in density can be expected.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Material_Densification\"><\/span>Material Densification<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In the second phase, these necks grow as the particles enlarge and fuse more completely, resulting in significant densification \u2013 up to 30%. Pores or channel systems form, allowing trapped gases to escape.<\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/filtration\/sintered-filter-plates-rods-and-pipes\/30716\/sintered-pipe-made-of-microporous-hdpe\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-763 size-full\" title=\"Sintered Pipe made of Microporous HDPE\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterrohr-aus-mikroporoesem-HDPE.jpg\" alt=\"Sintered Pipe made of Microporous HDPE\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterrohr-aus-mikroporoesem-HDPE.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterrohr-aus-mikroporoesem-HDPE-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/de\/filtration\/sinterfilter-platten-staebe-und-rohre-aus-poroesen-kunststoffen\/sinterstab-vierkant-aus-poroesem-ptfe\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-769 size-full\" title=\"Vierkant-Sinterstab aus por\u00f6sem PTFE\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterstab-vierkant-aus-poroesem-PTFE.jpg\" alt=\"Sinterstab vierkant aus poroesem PTFE\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterstab-vierkant-aus-poroesem-PTFE.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterstab-vierkant-aus-poroesem-PTFE-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/center><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Reduced_Porosity\"><\/span>Reduced Porosity<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The third phase leads to a more closed and dense pore structure. Particle growth continues, but excessive &#8220;grain growth&#8221; may occur, potentially impairing the material&#8217;s properties. At this stage, further densification occurs only slightly, so the sintering process must be carefully controlled and stopped in time.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Subsequent_Steps_%E2%80%93_What_Follows_the_Actual_Sintering_Process\"><\/span>Subsequent Steps \u2013 What Follows the Actual Sintering Process?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">After sintering, the parts cool down. Further processing may follow, particularly if the components must meet specific technical tolerances. This may involve pressing the parts again at high pressure and temperature.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Compared to conventional forming processes, post-processing is often unnecessary, as sintered components can already meet precise specifications.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Applications_of_Sintering\"><\/span>Applications of Sintering<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sintering is an efficient and material-saving method for manufacturing a wide range of products \u2013 from ceramic components for the electronics industry to precision parts made of sintered metal used in the automotive sector, such as brake pads.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_736\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-736\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-736 size-full\" title=\"Repair of the brakes, brake disc, and brake pads\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Reparatur-der-Bremsen-Bremsscheibe-und-Bremskloetze.jpg\" alt=\"Repair of the brakes, brake disc, and brake linings\" width=\"600\" height=\"399\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Reparatur-der-Bremsen-Bremsscheibe-und-Bremskloetze.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Reparatur-der-Bremsen-Bremsscheibe-und-Bremskloetze-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Reparatur-der-Bremsen-Bremsscheibe-und-Bremskloetze-310x205.jpg 310w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-736\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00a9 Wellnhofer Designs \/ Fotolia.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sintering is also used for producing magnets and dental ceramics. Sintered plates, discs and tubes made of plastics like HDPE, LDPE or PTFE are used in chemical laboratories and equipment construction for clear filtration of process solutions and as air filters in cleanroom technology.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Laser_Sintering_%E2%80%93_A_Process_for_Plastics\"><\/span>Laser Sintering \u2013 A Process for Plastics<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">This specialised sintering technique is used for certain plastics. The granulate is applied layer by layer and sintered immediately. This enables the creation of fine three-dimensional structures.<\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/filtration\/sintered-filter-plates-rods-and-pipes\/30721\/sintered-disk-made-of-porous-ptfe\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-755 size-full\" title=\"Sintered Disk made of Porous PTFE\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterscheibe-aus-poroesem-PTFE.jpg\" alt=\"Sintered Disk made of Porous PTFE\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterscheibe-aus-poroesem-PTFE.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterscheibe-aus-poroesem-PTFE-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/filtration\/sintered-filter-plates-rods-and-pipes\/30723\/sintered-rod-made-of-microporous-ptfe\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-756 size-full\" title=\"Sintered Rod made of Microporous PTFE\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterstab-aus-mikroporoesem-PTFE.jpg\" alt=\"Sintered Rod made of Microporous PTFE\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterstab-aus-mikroporoesem-PTFE.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Sinterstab-aus-mikroporoesem-PTFE-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/center><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Thanks to the wide variety of available materials, sintering is a universally applicable forming process. It is also highly material-efficient, with no waste \u2013 all of the input material is retained in the final product.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sintering is a manufacturing process that has been known and widely used for a very long time. The production of ceramics \u2013 such as firing kaolin or shaping clay into pottery \u2013 are sintering processes discovered empirically and continuously refined since their origin. Today, this process is applied not only to ceramics, especially technical ceramics, &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":11189,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3028,2744,3029],"tags":[3069,3070,2947,3071,3072,2775,3073,3074,3079,3075,3077,3080,3078,3076,3081,3082],"class_list":["post-14222","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-all-articles","category-alle-beitraege-en","category-chemical-technology-in-action","category-werkstoffe-in-der-chemie-en","tag-filter-fleece","tag-flat-gaskets","tag-hdpe-en","tag-plain-bearing-bushes","tag-porous","tag-ptfe-en","tag-sintered-bronze","tag-sintered-candles","tag-sintered-discs","tag-sintered-metal-fibres","tag-sintered-plates","tag-sintered-rods","tag-sintered-tubes","tag-sintering","tag-sintering-process","tag-square-profile"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Sintering \u2013 How It Works and Where It Is Used - Reichelt Chemietechnik Magazine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What Is Sintering and How Does It Work? 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