{"id":13874,"date":"2018-07-06T16:09:17","date_gmt":"2018-07-06T14:09:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/?p=13874"},"modified":"2025-07-03T12:56:03","modified_gmt":"2025-07-03T10:56:03","slug":"maximum-flow-coefficient","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/","title":{"rendered":"The Maximum Flow Coefficient of 3-Way Valves Explained"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_73 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/#Understanding_the_Maximum_Flow_Coefficient\" title=\"Understanding the Maximum Flow Coefficient\">Understanding the Maximum Flow Coefficient<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/#How_Does_a_3-Way_Mixing_Valve_Work_and_What_Role_Does_the_Maximum_Flow_Coefficient_Play\" title=\"How Does a 3-Way Mixing Valve Work and What Role Does the Maximum Flow Coefficient Play?\">How Does a 3-Way Mixing Valve Work and What Role Does the Maximum Flow Coefficient Play?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/#The_Most_Important_Valve_Types_and_Their_Characteristics\" title=\"The Most Important Valve Types and Their Characteristics\">The Most Important Valve Types and Their Characteristics<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Valves are part of our everyday life \u2013 in water taps, bicycle valves, or as 3-way mixing valves in heating systems. The latter regulate the flow rates of liquids or gases and can shut off pipelines completely. For this purpose, they must be precisely designed in terms of construction and dimension. The so-called maximum flow coefficient plays an important role in proper dimensioning.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Understanding_the_Maximum_Flow_Coefficient\"><\/span>Understanding the Maximum Flow Coefficient<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The maximum flow coefficient (Kv\/Kvs in European standards, Cv in US standards) is a key parameter in valve design. It defines how much fluid or gas can pass through a valve under standardized conditions \u2013 typically at a pressure difference of 0.98 bar and a water temperature between 5\u202f\u00b0C and 30\u202f\u00b0C. Engineers use this value to calculate throughput and determine the appropriate valve type and dimensions. In practice, 1 bar is often used instead of 0.98 bar. The flow rate is specified in m\u00b3\/h or l\/min depending on the valve size. For all other media whose density deviates from \u03c1 = 1 g\/cm\u00b3, the pressure coefficient depends not only on the difference between inlet and outlet pressure but also on the density.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Because gas density strongly varies with temperature, this must also be factored into calculations.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Valves typically operate at different opening levels, known as strokes. Each stroke has a specific flow coefficient, as flow changes with the valve\u2019s opening position. This value helps determine the maximum possible throughput. As a safety margin, engineers typically add a reserve of 20% to 30% to the calculated flow coefficient.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Prior to valve installation, operational parameters must be established to calculate the flow coefficient accurately. These include the desired maximum flow rate, medium temperature, pressure differential, and\u2014depending on the specific medium\u2014its density.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Does_a_3-Way_Mixing_Valve_Work_and_What_Role_Does_the_Maximum_Flow_Coefficient_Play\"><\/span>How Does a 3-Way Mixing Valve Work and What Role Does the Maximum Flow Coefficient Play?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">While a tap only knows the two end states &#8220;open&#8221; and &#8220;closed,&#8221; the valve also allows intermediate positions that enable the regulation of flow between both end states. The usual &#8220;water tap&#8221; at the sink or in the bathroom is therefore a manually regulated valve at the end of a pipe for drawing water. However, since there are no fundamental constructional differences between tap and valve, a clear distinction is rarely made between both categories, either in common language or in technical applications.<\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/cocks-taps-valves\/multiple-way-cocks\/29435\/three-way-luer-connecting-cock\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2176 size-full\" title=\"Three-Way Luer Connecting Cock | Precision three-way cocks in miniaturized construction\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-wege-luer-anschlusshahn.jpg\" alt=\"Three-Way Luer Connecting Cock\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-wege-luer-anschlusshahn.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-wege-luer-anschlusshahn-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/cocks-taps-valves\/multiple-way-cocks\/29433\/three-way-luer-connecting-cock-for-flexible-tubing\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2177 size-full\" title=\"Three-Way Luer Connecting Cock for Flexible Tubing\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-wege-luer-anschlusshahn-fuer-weiche-schlaeuche.jpg\" alt=\"Three-Way Luer Connecting Cock for Flexible Tubing\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-wege-luer-anschlusshahn-fuer-weiche-schlaeuche.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-wege-luer-anschlusshahn-fuer-weiche-schlaeuche-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/center><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">For a 3-way valve suitable for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/cocks-taps-valves\/multiple-way-cocks\">multiple-way cocks<\/a>, as the name suggests, the flow is regulated on multiple lines \u2013 in this case, on three lines with two outlets.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Three-way valves are thus only technical variants of three-way taps. They have three equal ports. The ports are usually at right angles or at an angle of 120\u00b0 to each other, but other angles are of course possible if required by constructional circumstances. However, it is necessary that the passage holes in the associated shut-off body \u2013 typically a ground conical joint for plug valves, a fitted cylinder for cylinder valves, or a precision ball for ball valves \u2013 are at the same angle to each other.<\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/cocks-taps-valves\/multiple-way-cocks\/29423\/three-way-cock-made-of-ldpe\/pp-or-pvdf-t-bore\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2162 size-full\" title=\"Three-Way Cock made of LDPE\/PP or PVDF | T-bore | Three-way cocks are used to transfer or block liquids or gases or to change the flow direction\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-wege-hahn-aus-pp-pvdf-t-bohrung.jpg\" alt=\"Three-Way Cock made of LDPE\/PP or PVDF - T-bore\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-wege-hahn-aus-pp-pvdf-t-bohrung.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-wege-hahn-aus-pp-pvdf-t-bohrung-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/cocks-taps-valves\/multiple-way-cocks\/29431\/high-quality-multiway-ball-cock-made-of-pp-pvdf-or-pfa-injection-molded\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2163 size-full\" title=\"Three-Way Cock made of LDPE\/PP or PVDF | light type | produced by the injection-moulding process\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/mehrweg-kugelhahn-aus-pp-pvdf-pfa-gespritzt.jpg\" alt=\"Three-Way Cock made of LDPE\/PP or PVDF | light type | produced by the injection-moulding process\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/mehrweg-kugelhahn-aus-pp-pvdf-pfa-gespritzt.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/mehrweg-kugelhahn-aus-pp-pvdf-pfa-gespritzt-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/center><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Depending on the position of the shut-off body, either the flow is enabled in only one of the two possible directions, the simultaneous flow in both directions is released, or the flow in both directions is blocked. 3-way valves can also be used as mixers for liquids or gases. Here, two of the three ports serve as inlets for one fluid each, while the third port is the outlet for the mixture of both fluids.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Technically equipped three-way valves are used as three-way mixers, for example, for temperature control of heating systems. They allow a predetermined target temperature to be set by mixing the volume flow of the heating medium with higher temperature with the volume flow of the heating medium with lower temperature. A temperature sensor simultaneously measures the current value and compares it with the specified temperature target value to automatically regulate the 3-way mixer via an electronic control unit.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The maximum flow coefficient can be calculated using the parameters of pressure, temperature, and the density of the fluid mixture. However, online tools for determining the maximum flow coefficient or corresponding diagrams from which the flow coefficient can be derived are easier to use.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2180\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2180\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2180 size-full\" title=\"PVC valve\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/PVC-Ventil.jpg\" alt=\"PVC valve\" width=\"600\" height=\"383\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/PVC-Ventil.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/PVC-Ventil-300x192.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2180\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00a9 saelim \/ Fotolia.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Most_Important_Valve_Types_and_Their_Characteristics\"><\/span>The Most Important Valve Types and Their Characteristics<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3-way valves have become indispensable for the controlled mixing and distribution of liquids, as required in heating systems. Such valves are also needed and used in many other areas where the maximum flow coefficient is a relevant technical parameter.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Flow valves reduce the flow rate of a fluid by narrowing the flow cross-section of the line, thereby reducing its pressure. Such valves are therefore also called throttle valves. They are mainly designed for the regulation of gas flows. Because pressure reduction is accompanied by expansion of the fluid, they are also called expansion valves. In the simplest case, throttling occurs unregulated by narrowing the pipe cross-section, as implemented in refrigerator compressors.<\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/cocks-taps-valves\/regulating-valves\/29498\/fine-regulating-valve-injection-molded\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2167 size-full\" title=\"Fine Regulating Valve | injection molded | compact regulating valves with linear regulation characteristics\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/feinregulierventil-gespritzt.jpg\" alt=\"Fine Regulating Valve | injection molded | compact regulating valves with linear regulation characteristics\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/feinregulierventil-gespritzt.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/feinregulierventil-gespritzt-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/cocks-taps-valves\/inclined-seat-valves\/29530\/inclined-seat-valves-angle-seat-made-of-pp\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2168 size-full\" title=\"Inclined Seat Valves (Angle Seat) made of PP\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/handabsperrventil-schraegsitz-aus-pp.jpg\" alt=\"Inclined Seat Valves (Angle Seat) made of PP\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/handabsperrventil-schraegsitz-aus-pp.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/handabsperrventil-schraegsitz-aus-pp-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/center><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">An important category of valves for mechanical and plant engineering are shut-off valves. These include, above all, quick-closing and quick-opening valves as well as check valves.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Quick-closing valves ensure the abrupt interruption of media flow in a pipeline. Quick-opening valves, on the other hand, are overpressure valves for the immediate opening of a line. Both are mostly used as emergency or safety valves, for example in the chemical industry, to quickly interrupt the flow in pipelines in case of an accident or to open pressurized lines to allow the overpressure to escape in a short time. They can be designed for manual operation, but such valves usually function automatically.<\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/cocks-taps-valves\/check-valves\/29512\/check-valve-made-of-pp-with-nozzles-labor\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2157 size-full\" title=\"Check valve made of PP with nozzles | Laboratory | Design: Tubing connections on both sides\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/rueckschlagventil-aus-pp-mit-tuellen-labor.jpg\" alt=\"Check valve made of PP with nozzles | Laboratory | Design: Tubing connections on both sides\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/rueckschlagventil-aus-pp-mit-tuellen-labor.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/rueckschlagventil-aus-pp-mit-tuellen-labor-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/cocks-taps-valves\/check-valves\/29511\/check-valve-made-of-pp-or-pvdf-with-nozzle-for-gases-and-liquids-mini\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2158 size-full\" title=\"Check valve made of PP or PVDF with nozzle for Gases and Liquids | Mini | suitable for both directions\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/rueckschlagventil-aus-pp-pvdf-mit-tuellen-fuer-gase-und-fluessigkeiten-mini.jpg\" alt=\"Check valve made of PP or PVDF with nozzle for Gases and Liquids | Mini | suitable for both directions\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/rueckschlagventil-aus-pp-pvdf-mit-tuellen-fuer-gase-und-fluessigkeiten-mini.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/rueckschlagventil-aus-pp-pvdf-mit-tuellen-fuer-gase-und-fluessigkeiten-mini-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/center><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/cocks-taps-valves\/check-valves\">Check valves<\/a> block the flow in one direction. They prevent the medium from flowing back when pressure drops in the pipeline system. The function-determining closing element of the check valve is usually a ball, but conical shut-off bodies and membranes can also perform this function. They seal the media flow against the flow direction by spring force. Only through the pressure of the fluid is the shut-off body lifted and released in the predetermined flow direction.<\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/cocks-taps-valves\/pressure-retaining-valves\/29479\/pressure-retaining-valve-made-of-ptfe-back-pressure-safe\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2152 size-full\" title=\"Check valve made of PP | back pressure safe | Resistant to weather | Good mechanical stability\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/druckhalteventil-aus-ptfe-rueckdrucksicher.jpg\" alt=\"Check valve made of PP | back pressure safe | Resistant to weather | Good mechanical stability\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/druckhalteventil-aus-ptfe-rueckdrucksicher.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/druckhalteventil-aus-ptfe-rueckdrucksicher-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/de\/haehne-und-ventile\/rueckschlagventile\/rueckschlagventil-aus-pp-pvdf-oder-pfa-mit-innengewinde-standard\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2153 size-full\" title=\"Check Valve made of PP, PVDF or PFA with Internal Thread | Standard | Kv-value: G 1\/8&quot;: 0.15 m3\/h; G 1\/4&quot;: 0.25 m3\/h; G 1\/2&quot;: 0.45 m3\/h\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/rueckschlagventil-aus-pp-pvdf-pfa-mit-innengewinde-standard.jpg\" alt=\"Check Valve made of PP, PVDF or PFA with Internal Thread | Standard | Kv-value: G 1\/8&quot;: 0.15 m3\/h; G 1\/4&quot;: 0.25 m3\/h; G 1\/2&quot;: 0.45 m3\/h\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/rueckschlagventil-aus-pp-pvdf-pfa-mit-innengewinde-standard.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/rueckschlagventil-aus-pp-pvdf-pfa-mit-innengewinde-standard-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/center><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/en\/cocks-taps-valves\/pressure-retaining-valves\">pressure-retaining valve<\/a> limits the pressure in a line and corresponds in its basic form to a three-way distributor, where one port is closed by the pressure of a spring on a shut-off body or a membrane. If the pressure in the line exceeds the pressure of the locking body, the port opens until the actual pressure is again below the maximum permissible pressure, which can be adjusted by the spring. Such valves are mainly installed as safety valves to safely reduce overpressures. Here too, the flow is determined via the maximum flow coefficient.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Accurate calculation of the flow coefficient ensures proper sizing of 3-way and other valves \u2013 and guarantees reliable performance under real operating conditions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Valves are part of our everyday life \u2013 in water taps, bicycle valves, or as 3-way mixing valves in heating systems. The latter regulate the flow rates of liquids or gases and can shut off pipelines completely. For this purpose, they must be precisely designed in terms of construction and dimension. The so-called maximum flow &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":13877,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,2743],"tags":[2891,2892,2897,2902,2893,2895,2889,2904,2896,2885,2898,2900,2899,2905,2774,2901,2894,2775,2906,2890,2907,2887,2886,2888,2903],"class_list":["post-13874","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-all-articles","category-chemical-plants","tag-3-way-tap","tag-3-way-valve","tag-ball-valves","tag-check-valve","tag-connection-tap","tag-fine-regulating-valve","tag-flow-regulation","tag-luer-en","tag-manual-shut-off-valve","tag-maximum-flow-coefficient","tag-maximum-flow-coefficient-value","tag-mixing-valve","tag-multi-way","tag-pfa-en","tag-pp-en","tag-precision","tag-pressure-maintaining-valve","tag-ptfe-en","tag-pvdf-en","tag-shut-off-valves","tag-standard-en","tag-three-way-valves","tag-valve-design","tag-valve-strokes","tag-valves"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The Maximum Flow Coefficient of 3-Way Valves Explained - Reichelt Chemietechnik Magazine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What is the maximum flow coefficient and what significance does it have for the use of 3-way valves? \u2013 Read more about the background in the RCT-Online Magazine!\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Maximum Flow Coefficient of 3-Way Valves Explained - Reichelt Chemietechnik Magazine\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What is the maximum flow coefficient and what significance does it have for the use of 3-way valves? \u2013 Read more about the background in the RCT-Online Magazine!\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Reichelt Chemietechnik Magazine\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-07-06T14:09:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-07-03T10:56:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Maximum-Flow-Coefficient-of-3-Way-Valves-Explained.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"660\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"330\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr. Karl-Heinz Heise\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr. Karl-Heinz Heise\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"9 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/\",\"name\":\"The Maximum Flow Coefficient of 3-Way Valves Explained - Reichelt Chemietechnik Magazine\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Maximum-Flow-Coefficient-of-3-Way-Valves-Explained.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-07-06T14:09:17+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-07-03T10:56:03+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/#\/schema\/person\/de5369aedc25d1f064871d823629e056\"},\"description\":\"What is the maximum flow coefficient and what significance does it have for the use of 3-way valves? \u2013 Read more about the background in the RCT-Online Magazine!\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Maximum-Flow-Coefficient-of-3-Way-Valves-Explained.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Maximum-Flow-Coefficient-of-3-Way-Valves-Explained.jpg\",\"width\":660,\"height\":330,\"caption\":\"\u00a9 akkaraks \/ Fotolia.com\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"The Maximum Flow Coefficient of 3-Way Valves Explained\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/\",\"name\":\"Reichelt Chemietechnik Magazine\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/#\/schema\/person\/de5369aedc25d1f064871d823629e056\",\"name\":\"Dr. Karl-Heinz Heise\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/KH_Heise.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/KH_Heise.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Dr. Karl-Heinz Heise\"},\"description\":\"Dr. Karl-Heinz Heise studierte an der Martin-Luther Universit\u00e4t Halle-Wittenberg Chemie und der vormaligen Technischen Hochschule Dresden Radiochemie und Chemische Kerntechnik. Danach war er bis zur politischen Wende 1989 als wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter am Zentralinstitut f\u00fcr Kernforschung Rossendorf (ZfK) der Akademie der Wissenschaften in verschiedenen Bereichen der Isotopenproduktion und Markierungschemie t\u00e4tig. 1990 wurde er im neu gegr\u00fcndeten Leibnitz-Forschungszentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, dem heutigen Helmholtz-Zentrum, mit der Leitung der Abteilung f\u00fcr Organische Tracerchemie des Instituts f\u00fcr Radiochemie betraut, die sich mit umweltchemischen Prozessen in den Hinterlassenschaften des Uranbergbaus der DDR befasste. Dr. Heise ist begeisterter Hobby-Numismatiker und besch\u00e4ftigt sich dabei vornehmlich mit der h\u00f6fischen Medaillenkunst des 19. Jahrhunderts in Sachsen.\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/author\/k-heise\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The Maximum Flow Coefficient of 3-Way Valves Explained - Reichelt Chemietechnik Magazine","description":"What is the maximum flow coefficient and what significance does it have for the use of 3-way valves? \u2013 Read more about the background in the RCT-Online Magazine!","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"The Maximum Flow Coefficient of 3-Way Valves Explained - Reichelt Chemietechnik Magazine","og_description":"What is the maximum flow coefficient and what significance does it have for the use of 3-way valves? \u2013 Read more about the background in the RCT-Online Magazine!","og_url":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/","og_site_name":"Reichelt Chemietechnik Magazine","article_published_time":"2018-07-06T14:09:17+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-07-03T10:56:03+00:00","og_image":[{"width":660,"height":330,"url":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Maximum-Flow-Coefficient-of-3-Way-Valves-Explained.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Dr. Karl-Heinz Heise","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Dr. Karl-Heinz Heise","Est. reading time":"9 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/","url":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/","name":"The Maximum Flow Coefficient of 3-Way Valves Explained - Reichelt Chemietechnik Magazine","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Maximum-Flow-Coefficient-of-3-Way-Valves-Explained.jpg","datePublished":"2018-07-06T14:09:17+00:00","dateModified":"2025-07-03T10:56:03+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/#\/schema\/person\/de5369aedc25d1f064871d823629e056"},"description":"What is the maximum flow coefficient and what significance does it have for the use of 3-way valves? \u2013 Read more about the background in the RCT-Online Magazine!","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Maximum-Flow-Coefficient-of-3-Way-Valves-Explained.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Maximum-Flow-Coefficient-of-3-Way-Valves-Explained.jpg","width":660,"height":330,"caption":"\u00a9 akkaraks \/ Fotolia.com"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/maximum-flow-coefficient\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"The Maximum Flow Coefficient of 3-Way Valves Explained"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/","name":"Reichelt Chemietechnik Magazine","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/#\/schema\/person\/de5369aedc25d1f064871d823629e056","name":"Dr. Karl-Heinz Heise","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/KH_Heise.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/KH_Heise.jpg","caption":"Dr. Karl-Heinz Heise"},"description":"Dr. Karl-Heinz Heise studierte an der Martin-Luther Universit\u00e4t Halle-Wittenberg Chemie und der vormaligen Technischen Hochschule Dresden Radiochemie und Chemische Kerntechnik. Danach war er bis zur politischen Wende 1989 als wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter am Zentralinstitut f\u00fcr Kernforschung Rossendorf (ZfK) der Akademie der Wissenschaften in verschiedenen Bereichen der Isotopenproduktion und Markierungschemie t\u00e4tig. 1990 wurde er im neu gegr\u00fcndeten Leibnitz-Forschungszentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, dem heutigen Helmholtz-Zentrum, mit der Leitung der Abteilung f\u00fcr Organische Tracerchemie des Instituts f\u00fcr Radiochemie betraut, die sich mit umweltchemischen Prozessen in den Hinterlassenschaften des Uranbergbaus der DDR befasste. Dr. Heise ist begeisterter Hobby-Numismatiker und besch\u00e4ftigt sich dabei vornehmlich mit der h\u00f6fischen Medaillenkunst des 19. Jahrhunderts in Sachsen.","url":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/author\/k-heise\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13874"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13874"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13874\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13901,"href":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13874\/revisions\/13901"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13877"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13874"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13874"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rct-online.de\/magazin\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13874"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}